Deviated nasal septum

Nasal septum is the central structure diving the nasal cavity into two. In most individuals it is deviated to either side and only rarely is it in the midline.

Causes:

• Trauma due to a blow to the nose causing buckling of the septal framework.

• Developmental errors due to uneven growth.

Symptoms:

Most cases of deviated nasal septum are asymptomatic. However, some cases may exhibit symptoms as follows:

• Nasal block which can be unilateral or bilateral.

• Headache.

• Recurrent sinus infections.

• Nasal bleed.

• Decreased smell sensation.

• External nasal deformity.

• Recurrent ear infections.

Investigations:

• Diagnostic nasal endoscopy to look for other pathologies.

• CT scan if necessary.

Management:

Surgical correction of the deviation is the only treatment available. No medical treatment is available. The surgery performed, called septoplasty, is aimed at removing the most deviated part of the septum so as to create an adequate airway.